Betting on sport is substantial service.
Sport England approximates the worth of spending on sport-related betting in England grew from ₤ 1.7 bn in 1985 to ₤ 2.8 bn in 2008.
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And that figure is most likely to have actually grown even more, with an approximated ₤ 1bn bet on the World Cup alone in the UK this summer season.
Meanwhile, German research firm Sport & Markt estimates the general global gambling market will be worth 263bn euros (₤ 220bn) by 2012, with much of that driven by web and sports gaming.
But when the stability of occasions are struck the gaming industry suffers, and earnings are put under risk if consumers can not wager with confidence.
And there can have been few higher-profile sport betting stories than those affecting cricket and snooker this year.
High-profile
As Sport & Markt's Gareth Moore observes: "Everyone talks about the sports betting market now.
"Not just is it a significant market in world service, it is one that is now on the front pages of newspapers."
Four Pakistan cricketers have been questioned by cops over spot-fixing allegations relating to a test against England at Lord's last month.
Three of these gamers have stated they will also challenge the corruption charges mounted against the trio by the sport governing body the International Cricket Council.
Meanwhile, three-times snooker world champ John Higgins was cleared of match-fixing allegations, but was banned recently for six months for failing to report the unlawful technique to him to toss frames.
There are likewise two other continuing investigations - not associated to Mr Higgins - into snooker.
'Honest'
David O'Reilly is legal counsel for Betfair, among the UK's greatest online sporting exchanges.
"If the sport is perceived as honest, straight and reasonable that is great for betting companies due to the fact that people will spend cash wagering with self-confidence," he states.
"If you take the Pakistan allegations, although unrelated to the UK regulated betting market ... it is not really a favorable story for wagering in the UK.
"That is because the understanding is that 'cricket is now something we might have to be cautious about'."
'Education'
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So what can be done to prevent future scandals?
According to experts at a World Sports Law Report conference into sports betting, the focus has to be on sportsmen and sportswomen.
As Simon Taylor of the Professional Players' Federation mentions: "The only individuals who can repair a match are the rivals or the referee."
His organisation represents guys and women in 15 sports in the UK, being an umbrella organisation for all gamer organisations, such as the Professional Footballers' Association.
He believes that it is inadequate to simply have deterrents, sanctions and disciplinary procedures, but that the way to deal with possible problems around gamers is also through education.
Mr Taylor says rules require to be discussed plainly to gamers with clear examples, and by people they respect.
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"Through informing players about sports wagering you enhance integrity which is in everybody's interest," he includes.
"If gamers are more difficult to corrupt then sport will be more difficult to corrupt."
'Brand damage'
Matt Johnson, head of regulatory legal suggestions at the Football Association, agrees.
"Prevention is better than cure, and we also make a point of telling players 'you are going to be caught'."
"It is important that sport is straight, and is seen to be directly," he adds.
"If it loses that then individuals don't want to wager, that is not in gambling companies' interests, and it is not in our interests."
He stated that when an excellent track record was lost, the damage to a sport was "incalculable".
FA rules mean players are not permitted to bet on a competitors in which they are included.
Mr Johnson states gamers need to be seen not to be capitalizing any inside knowledge, which he states might cause "brand damage" to football and its competitors.
So, even a 2nd Division player knocked out of the FA Cup in the autumn can not bank on a Manchester United v Chelsea cup final the following spring.
"We need to get over to players the reputational risk to the video game," he states. "Once self-confidence has been harmed it is hard to get it back - mud sticks."
'Overwhelmingly legal'
If this represents the "carrot" method, then maybe Nick Tofiluk, director of policy at the Gambling Commission, represents the "stick".
The Gambling Commission was established under the Gambling Act 2005 to control business gaming in Great Britain.
An ex-chief constable of West Midlands authorities, Mr Tofiluk has duty for policing all wagering in the UK apart from spread betting, which is the remit of the FSA.
"The frustrating bulk of sports wagering occurring through UK operators is legal and fair," he says.
"But for some there is the temptation to ... corruptly disrupt the outcome of a sporting event.
"Such unfaithful has the prospective to weaken the integrity of a sport, and it likewise harms the business interests of sports betting bodies and sports betting."
The commission has actually developed an in-house Sports Betting Intelligence Unit to receive and distribute details to sporting authorities, wagering firms and policing authorities.
"Since 2007 we have experienced a significant insight into world of corrupt sports wagering," he states.
"We will alert sports of our concerns, to assist prevent or curtail [unlawful] activity"
In May 2010, the commission likewise presented a private telephone hotline for those with info or suspicions.
'Vulnerabilities'
But in a two-and-a-half year duration there has actually been just one prosecution, a 24-year-old guy who was cautioned for cheating in relation to greyhound racing.
However, Mr Tofiluk states there are still eight ongoing investigations, which much beneficial details has actually likewise been passed to sports authorities.
He stated that where an investigation by a sport governing body was quicker, and more cost reliable, then the commission would consider discontinuing a criminal investigation "in favour of letting sports governing bodies take the lead".
Meanwhile, he states much of those seeking to cheat the sports betting market were well-informed about sports and sporting individuals, and about betting operations and the motion of cash.
"They look for out the vulnerabilities of these to help in their business."
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Sport Betting Industry Wants To Protect Itself
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